Inside the battery pack
Cells, modules and packs — and what the management system is doing all day.
You'll learn
- Explain inside the battery pack in plain language
- Recognise the key vocabulary
- Apply the idea to a real vehicle
Overview
A pack is a Russian doll: cells are grouped into modules, modules bolted into a sealed, cooled and crash-protected case under the floor.
In depth
Battery pack layout
Tap the hotspots to explore the pack.
How charge moves inside a cell
1
Cells
2
Modules
3
BMS
4
Pack terminals
What the BMS does
The battery management system measures every cell group's voltage and temperature many times per second. It balances cells so none is over-worked, limits power when the pack is very hot or very cold, and calculates the state of charge shown on the dashboard.
Memory match
Battery vocabulary match
Pair up the terms.
0 moves
Key takeaways
Remember this
- Cells → modules → pack, all sealed and liquid-cooled.
- The BMS protects the pack and reports state of charge.
- High-voltage packs are never user-serviceable.
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